LTEK10157U Natural Resource Sampling and Modelling

Volume 2024/2025
Education

MSc Programme in Environmental Science
MSc Programme in Forest and Nature Management
MSc Programme in Sustainable Forest and Nature Management

Content

The main objective of the course is to provide students with tools for sampling, modelling and interpreting information on structure and diversity of vegetation cover, land use and production of natural resources in terrestrial environments. Furthermore, the course aims to enable students to plan and implement minor inventories and field experiments and critically analyse and reflect on the reliability of empirical results. Through working with empirical data the course also strives to help students develop their digital skills. Finally, the course aims to provide students with the basis required for preparing guidelines for sustainable use of natural resources. Hence, the course contributes to competences needed when doing empirical work within MSc programmes in, e.g., Forest and Nature Management and SUFONAMA. The course would also be relevant for students within other programmes, who emphasise sustainable management of forest and nature in their curriculum or plan to prepare their MSc thesis within this field.

Course contents in detail

  • Measurements in terrestrial environments (forest and nature); for individuals and populations of trees, shrubs, herbs and rare species; for fauna and geophysical site characteristics. The emphasis is on direct measurements but an introduction to applications of remote sensing techniques is given.
  • Sampling methods and design, inventory planning and implementation, introduction to experimental design and practice.
  • Practical application of statistical methods for analysis of data from inventories and experiments, data management, model choice and model validation.
  • Relationships between physical environment (climate, soil, topography) and growth, competition and succession of ecological systems in forest and nature.
  • Modelling states and developments of - and relationships between - individuals, populations and systems in forest and nature.
  • Models describing volume, biomass and carbon, growth and yield, size distributions, relationships between various measures on individuals (allometric models) and populations.
  • Growth models working at various levels of detail: stand growth models, size-class models and individual-tree models.
  • Introduction to systems models, including process models, gap models and landscape/ecosystem models.
  • Use of quantitative methods, inventory results and models as the basis of sustainable management decisions and natural resource planning.
Learning Outcome

Knowledge:

  • Describe principles and procedures applied for measuring typical variables in forest and nature.
  • Classify and reflect on sampling strategies typically used in natural resource inventories.
  • Describe basic relationships between the biophysical environment, growth of individual organisms and populations, competition between organisms, and succession of ecosystems.
  • Show overview of model types used to describe relationships and to model growth and development of individual plants, populations and ecosystems.

Skills:

  • Compare sampling strategies, assess their suitability, and select appropriate strategies for given natural resource contexts.
  • Apply principles and methods from basic statistics in typical sampling and modelling situations in terrestrial environments.
  • Select suitable model formulations for modelling particular relationships and assess the quality of predictions.

Competences:

  • Apply principles used for measuring and modelling typical variables in forest and nature to new situations.
  • Discuss the relevance, reliability, validity and interpretation of empirical data and results obtained in particular contexts.
  • Evaluate empirical evidence, put results into perspective and discuss consequences in relation to sustainable management.
Literature

Part of the course is based on scientific papers, lecture notes and exercise materials. See Absalon for a list of course literature.

Examples of literature include chapters from:

  • Bonham, C. D.. Measurements for Terrestrial Vegetation. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  • Buckland, S. T.; E. A. Rexstad; T. A. Marques & C. S. Oedeskoven. Distance Sampling: Methods and Applications. Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
  • Vanclay, J. K.. Modelling Forest Growth and Yield. Applications to Mixed Tropical Forests. CAB International, Wallingford.
  • Van Laar, A. & A. Akça. Forest Mensuration, Managing Forest Systems, Vol. 13. Springer, Dordrecht.

The course literature will be announced through Absalon. Similarly, lecture notes, exercise materials and slides will be made available through Absalon.

Basic BSc courses of mathematics, statistics and ecology. Throughout the course we will use a range of methods from basic statistics. Students who are not familiar with basic statistics must expect an increased workload.

Academic qualifications equivalent to a BSc degree is recommended.
Theoretical considerations, models and methods are presented in lectures along with relevant examples. Implications of the theory are illustrated in exercises. Some of the exercises are intended for individual work; others are intended for group work. Some exercises are based on small datasets; others are based on larger extracts from real datasets. During the course students will choose an empirical case, formulate a research question and conduct a small survey in groups of 3-5 persons. This work includes planning of the sampling procedure and the subsequent analysis, sampling of data in the field (during an excursion), data analysis, interpretation of results and, finally, presentation and discussion of the results in plenum.

The distribution of the 12 weekly hours of instruction is (approx.): lectures 4 hours, classroom exercises 4 hours, larger exercises 4 hours. The course includes two excursions (approx. 6 hours each) in the middle of the course period.
To avoid overlap with other courses, the excursions may include hours outside the standard module (e.g. Friday afternoon).
  • Category
  • Hours
  • Lectures
  • 32
  • Preparation
  • 86
  • Practical exercises
  • 58
  • Field Work
  • 12
  • Project work
  • 6
  • Exam
  • 12
  • Total
  • 206
Oral
Individual
Collective
Continuous feedback during the course of the semester

Throughout the course we will work with sample data from case studies in the exercises. While working with the exercises the teacher is available for discussion and individual feedback regarding approaches, results and interpretations. Further feedback is given at class level in a subsequent plenary discussion.

Credit
7,5 ECTS
Type of assessment
Written assignment, 12 hours
Type of assessment details
12 hour written assignment. On the day of the examination questions and data are available from 8:00 am. The deadline for submission of the assignment is 8:00 pm.
Aid
All aids allowed
Marking scale
7-point grading scale
Censorship form
No external censorship
Several internal examiners
Re-exam

The examination form is the same as for the ordinary examination.

Criteria for exam assesment

See description of learning outcomes