LBIK10202U Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
MSc Programme in Agriculture
MSc Programme in Biotechnology
This course provides an overview of the biology of host-microbe interactions at the molecular level, with a specific focus on pathogenic microorganisms. In addition to lectures and research article-driven learning, the course includes a series of simple experiments to provide hands-on experience and illustrate how the plant immune system works, and thus lay the foundation for understanding how plants stay free of disease.
Plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are among the most important factors affecting quality and yield of crop plants – causing typically up to 20% losses.
An understanding the biology of plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions gives an insight and inspiration for sustainable approaches for plant protection (UN development goals (UNDG) 2 and 17).
The rapid development of biotechnology in plant and microbial science is leading to enhanced knowledge of the physiology and molecular biology of plants, and of the crosstalk between microorganisms and plants both as individual organisms and as microbiomes – in combination: the holobiome. Disease resistance is the consequence of successful activation of the plant’s immune system. Biological control of plant diseases is for instance based on the exploitation of microbe-microbe interactions to suppress disease.
The study of these fundamental biological processes leads not only to the improvement of environmentally-friendly strategies for disease control in plant production, but also to the discovery of molecules and genes with novel applications for industry.
This course addresses several UN development goals by providing knowledge which can be used to improve agricultural efficiency (UNDG 2 and 13 by using microbiomes to improved resilience to abiotic stress) and product quality (UNDG 3 by, e.g., reducing mycotoxin contamination).
Topics covered include:
- Diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and oomycetes and their infection strategies exhibiting necrotrophic, biotrophic and hemibiotrophic lifestyles.
- Plant-symbiont interactions
- Toxins and detoxification, tissue destruction.
- Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) and Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI), pathogen effectors and their interplay with ETI, plant immune signalling pathways (MAP kinases, salicylic acid, pipecolic acid, jasmonic acid, etc).
- Execution of immunity (antimicrobial specialised metabolites, cell wall, antimicrobial proteins, membrane trafficking, hypersensitive response)
- Application of biotechnological tools, including genomics (NGT), transcriptomics, molecular genetics, gene editing (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9) and gene silencing (PTGS, HIGS etc)
- Disease resistance through transgenic plants, new strategies for resistance breeding
Biological control of disease by understanding the biological basis of microbial interactions. Microbiome interactions with pathogens and plants.
The course gives an understanding of the biology of plant-microbe interactions at the molecular level.
After completing the course the student should be able to:
Knowledge:
- Give an overview of the mechanisms by which plants respond and protect themselves against pathogens.
- List cellular signal transduction mechanisms in plants and microorganisms.
- Describe the molecular mechanisms used by pathogens for overcoming host defences.
- Have an understanding of the continuum from mutualistic symbiosis to necrotrophy.
Skills:
- Explain how the above topics are studied experimentally including the use of ’omics technologies and molecular genetics.
- Interpret primary data from research articles relating to these molecular interactions and apply the knowledge to new situations in biology.
- Obtain basic experimental skills in studying plant immunity.
Competences:
- Discuss the potential of biotechnological and plant breeding technologies for developing disease resistant plants
- Consider the ethical aspects of the use of different approaches (e.g. transgenic, new genomic technologies, biological control) for disease problems associated with plant protection and to put these into perspective.
- See the potential for industrial processes using novel molecules derived from plant-microbe interactions.
Critical approach to digital scientific information searches incl. reference management.
Tronsmo AM, Collinge DB, Djurle A, Munk L, Yuen J, Tronsmo A (2020) Plant Pathology and Plant Diseases 440 pp CABI International, Wallingford. https://www.cabi.org/bookshop/book/9781789243178/ ISBN 9781789243178
Review articles and primary literature.
Further information will be available on Absalon.
Academic qualifications equivalent to a BSc degree is recommended.
- Category
- Hours
- Lectures
- 40
- Class Instruction
- 20
- Preparation
- 104
- Theory exercises
- 18
- Laboratory
- 20
- Exam
- 4
- Total
- 206
The feedback to the students will be given in different forms: For the journal club where each student will prepare a PowerPoint presentation, it will be given individually.
In journal clubs held in plenum, it will be oral given to each group.
Use of quizzes in Absalon.
- Credit
- 7,5 ECTS
- Type of assessment
- Oral examination, 20 min
- Type of assessment details
- Oral examination without preparation time. Weight: 100%
- Exam registration requirements
Active participation in Journal Clubs (80% of assignments completed)
Approved project Work (group assignnment)
- Aid
- All aids allowed
- Marking scale
- 7-point grading scale
- Censorship form
- No external censorship
Two internal examiners
- Re-exam
Oral exam 20 min without preparation.
If the requirements for the exam is not met, - the students need to give a project presentation.
Criteria for exam assesment
See learning outcome.
Course information
- Language
- English
- Course code
- LBIK10202U
- Credit
- 7,5 ECTS
- Level
- Full Degree Master
- Duration
- 1 block
- Placement
- Block 3
- Schedule
- C
- Course capacity
- No limitation – unless you register in the late-registration period (BSc and MSc) or as a credit or single subject student
Study board
- Study Board of Natural Resources, Environment and Animal Science
Contracting department
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
Contracting faculty
- Faculty of Science
Course Coordinators
- David B. Collinge (3-6c6a6b4878746d7636737d366c73)
Lecturers
Hans Thordal-Christensen, Mads Eggert Nielsen, Elizabeth Heather Jakobsen Neilson, Nanna Bjarnholt