SFAKIF302U Toxicology
Cand.Scient.Pharm. - compulsory
Cand.Pharm. - compulsory
MSc in Pharmaceutical Sciences - elective
MSc in Medicinal Chemistry - elective
The course gives a basic overview on fundamentals in both
human-, and occupational toxicology. Basic toxicological topics
encompass toxicodynamic, toxicokinetic description and metabolism
of major groups of contaminants. Furthermore the course will give a
basic understanding of acute toxic effects on the skin, the
respiratory system, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, cell toxicity,
organ toxicity, cancer development, reproduction, immunotoxicology
and the effects of hormone disrupting compounds. Also
teratogenicity, toxicophore description and modeling of
dose-response relationships will be among the subjects.
Classification of chemicals will shortly be described in the course
and further more the use of toxicological data bases to access
exposure and effect data will be discussed.
The course will also discuss in detail how to quantify a dose or an
exposure of a chemical and be able to predict most important
exposure routes or pathways. This will also include models for
calculating effects of exposures to multiple compounds with
same/similar mode of action. As an important element of the course
the background for the fetal origins hypothesis will be addressed,
which postulates that chemical exposure of non-acute toxicological
effects during the prenatal environment “program” of the fetus is
important for later development of diseases in adulthood.
Occupational toxicology will focus on how to achieve a sound
environment during production using chemicals. An overview of the
most important diseases due to chemical exposure during occupation
will be addressed. Furthermore an overview on the regulation of
chemicals will be a subject. The overall aim of this course is to
prepare the students to be able to at a later stage to perform
simple risk assessments scenarios of human, environmental and
occupational heath hazards and to evaluate potential hazards of a
given xenobiotic. Lectures, theoretical exercises, and a written
assignment will be the main form of teaching. Lectures are based on
textbooks, lecture notes and some scientific papers. The topics of
the theoretical exercises run in parallel with the topics treated
in the lectures.
The written assignment (a case with 2 levels) will be performed in
groups of 3 students that will work together to respond a case
story that will give the students knowledge on how to conduct a
risk assessment of pharmaceuticals or chemical compounds. The
assignment focuses further more on selected chemicals and draws on
the general insight in chemical, biological and physical processes
to be learned and thus is fundamentally important for toxicology.
Results are reported as a report.
Objective
The main objectives of the course is to introduce fundamentals and key methods in human-, and occupational toxicology, and to provide an overview of different approaches for acquiring data that may be applied in risk evaluation of pharmaceuticals and chemical pollutants to humans and the environment. The course consists of a number of lectures and a written assignment. The course is recommended for students who upon completion of their studies will be employed in sectors dealing with pharmaceuticals, health risks, environmental issues, such as public inspection, public health, environmental consulting, medical industry and the bioprocessing industries.
Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Knowledge
- Describe toxicological mode of actions for most important groups of chemical substances to humans and environmental species.
- Define the most vulnerable target organ(s) or organism(s) for most important group of xenobiotics.
- Demonstrate knowledge on safety toxicology, and extrapolation from animal to human.
- Understand the use of physico-chemical parameters of compounds to predict toxicity, bioaccumulation and biomagnification
- Assess both acute and chronical toxicity data and evaluate different types of dose-response relationships including effects of mixtures of compounds with similar mode of action.
- Quantify a dose or an exposure of a chemical and be able to predict the most important exposure routes to humans and environment and exposure due to occupation.
- Suggest how to diminish an exposure of chemical in both human, environmental and occupational toxicology (practical management).
- Classify chemicals and xenobiotics (Tx, T, Xn, C and Xi).
Skills
- Transfer math concepts to solve 1st-order linear differential-integral equations, manipulate log relationships, convert between dimensional systems of units.
- Utilise relevant software for dose-responds relationships and problem solving(e.g. EPI-Win, Chem-Draw, Excel, R).
- Have knowledge on simple in-vitro human toxicological tests and models.
- Report scientific results as a risk assessment report.
Competencies
- Integrate principles from chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry and physiology with mass and energy balances to develop and solve simple toxicological questions.
- Apply simplified assumptions and estimate model and design parameters in the face ofbiological variability and uncertainty in measurement and prediction.
- John Timbrell 'Principles of Biochemical Toxicology', 4rd edition, Taylor & september 2009
- Different notes and scientific papers provided on the course homepage (English)
- Category
- Hours
- Exam
- 2
- Lectures
- 96
- Preparation
- 108
- Total
- 206
- Credit
- 2,5 ECTS
- Type of assessment
- Written assignmentThe written assignment consists of a case study in 2 sections and is performed in groups of 3 students. The two sections are weighted equal.
- Aid
- All aids allowed
- Marking scale
- 7-point grading scale
- Censorship form
- External censorship
Criteria for exam assesment
To achieve the grade 12 the student must be able to:
Knowledge
- Describe toxicological mode of actions for most important groups of chemical substances to humans and environmental species.
- Define the most vulnerable target organ(s) or organism(s) for most important group of xenobiotics.
- Demonstrate knowledge on safety toxicology, and extrapolation from animal to human.
- Understand the use of physico-chemical parameters of compounds to predict toxicity, bioaccumulation and biomagnification
- Assess both acute and chronical toxicity data and evaluate different types of dose-response relationships including effects of mixtures of compounds with similar mode of action.
- Quantify a dose or an exposure of a chemical and be able to predict the most important exposure routes to humans and environment and exposure due to occupation.
- Suggest how to diminish an exposure of chemical in both human, environmental and occupational toxicology (practical management).
- Classify chemicals and xenobiotics (Tx, T, Xn, C and Xi).
Skills
- Transfer math concepts to solve 1st-order linear differential-integral equations, manipulate log relationships, convert between dimensional systems of units.
- Utilise relevant software for dose-responds relationships and problem solving(e.g. EPI-Win, Chem-Draw, Excel, R).
- Have knowledge on simple in-vitro human toxicological tests and models.
- Report scientific results as a risk assessment report.
Competencies
- Integrate principles from chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry and physiology with mass and energy balances to develop and solve simple toxicological questions.
- Apply simplified assumptions and estimate model and design parameters in the face ofbiological variability and uncertainty in measurement and prediction.
- Credit
- 5 ECTS
- Type of assessment
- Written examination, 2 timer under invigilationMultiple choice exam.
- Aid
- All aids allowed
Refer to the IT exams homepage link where the standard programs and IT tools available for the students’ disposal during IT exams under The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences are listed.
During the exam students are allowed to bring approved pocket calculator, molecular model building set and USB stick.
- Marking scale
- 7-point grading scale
- Censorship form
- No external censorship
Criteria for exam assesment
To achieve the grade 12 the student must be able to:
Knowledge
- Describe toxicological mode of actions for most important groups of chemical substances to humans and environmental species.
- Define the most vulnerable target organ(s) or organism(s) for most important group of xenobiotics.
- Demonstrate knowledge on safety toxicology, and extrapolation from animal to human.
- Understand the use of physico-chemical parameters of compounds to predict toxicity, bioaccumulation and biomagnification
- Assess both acute and chronical toxicity data and evaluate different types of dose-response relationships including effects of mixtures of compounds with similar mode of action.
- Quantify a dose or an exposure of a chemical and be able to predict the most important exposure routes to humans and environment and exposure due to occupation.
- Suggest how to diminish an exposure of chemical in both human, environmental and occupational toxicology (practical management).
- Classify chemicals and xenobiotics (Tx, T, Xn, C and Xi).
Skills
- Transfer math concepts to solve 1st-order linear differential-integral equations, manipulate log relationships, convert between dimensional systems of units.
- Utilise relevant software for dose-responds relationships and problem solving(e.g. EPI-Win, Chem-Draw, Excel, R).
- Have knowledge on simple in-vitro human toxicological tests and models.
- Report scientific results as a risk assessment report.
Competencies
- Integrate principles from chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry and physiology with mass and energy balances to develop and solve simple toxicological questions.
- Apply simplified assumptions and estimate model and design parameters in the face ofbiological variability and uncertainty in measurement and prediction.
Course information
- Language
- English
- Course code
- SFAKIF302U
- Credit
- See exam description
- Level
- Full Degree MasterFull Degree Master choice
- Duration
- 1 block
- Placement
- Block 1
- Schedule
- B
- Course capacity
- 180
Reserved cand.scient.pharm and cand.pharm students. - Study board
- Study Board of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Contracting department
- Department of Pharmacy
Course responsibles
- Bjarne Styrishave (17-6a72697a766d367b7c817a717b70697e6d487b7d766c36737d366c73)
Lecturers
Anne-Marie Heegaard, Ole Bjerrum, Gunnar Damgaard, Bent Halling-Sørensen, Lisbeth Knudsen, Bjarne Styrishave